RESEARCH PAPER
Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among patients living with HIV/AIDS at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia
1
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Teferi Ethiopia
Submission date: 2022-01-21
Final revision date: 2022-04-19
Acceptance date: 2022-04-19
Publication date: 2024-02-22
HIV & AIDS Review 2024;23(1):58-65
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) face serious health problems due to associated anemia, which increases the likelihood of infection progression to state of a disease. Therefore, determining the prevalence of anemia in this vulnerable group might help to develop strategies to reduce the incidence of related cases.
Material and methods:
Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October, 2021 among HIV-positive patients at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital. Study subjects were selected using a simple random sampling technique, and pre-tested structured questionnaires were applied to obtain socio-demographic and clinical data. Blood samples were collected from patients for hemoglobin determination by hematology analyzer and CD4+ T-cells count. Data were entered using Epi-data manager (version 4.0.2.101) and analyzed by SPSS version 25.0.
Results:
A total of 244 patients participated in this study. Overall anemia prevalence was 39.8% (95% CI: 33.6-46.2%), in 33 (13.5%) males and 64 (26.2%) females. Sixty-two (25.4%) patients were newly introduced to antiretroviral therapy and 35 (14.3%) patients were experienced. CD4+ T-cell of < 200/mm3 (AOR: 3.218; 95% CI: 1.401-7.387%), WHO clinical stage II (AOR: 9.060; 95% CI: 2.955-27.776%), female gender (AOR: 3.932, 95% CI: 1.878-8.233%), and body mass index of < 18.5 kg/m2 (AOR: 5.849; 95% CI: 1.824-18.752%) were among variables, which showed significant association with anemia.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of anemia in antiretroviral therapy-experienced patients was higher as compared to naïve individuals. This study determined that anemia remains a major health threat to HIV/AIDS patients.
Patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) face serious health problems due to associated anemia, which increases the likelihood of infection progression to state of a disease. Therefore, determining the prevalence of anemia in this vulnerable group might help to develop strategies to reduce the incidence of related cases.
Material and methods:
Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October, 2021 among HIV-positive patients at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital. Study subjects were selected using a simple random sampling technique, and pre-tested structured questionnaires were applied to obtain socio-demographic and clinical data. Blood samples were collected from patients for hemoglobin determination by hematology analyzer and CD4+ T-cells count. Data were entered using Epi-data manager (version 4.0.2.101) and analyzed by SPSS version 25.0.
Results:
A total of 244 patients participated in this study. Overall anemia prevalence was 39.8% (95% CI: 33.6-46.2%), in 33 (13.5%) males and 64 (26.2%) females. Sixty-two (25.4%) patients were newly introduced to antiretroviral therapy and 35 (14.3%) patients were experienced. CD4+ T-cell of < 200/mm3 (AOR: 3.218; 95% CI: 1.401-7.387%), WHO clinical stage II (AOR: 9.060; 95% CI: 2.955-27.776%), female gender (AOR: 3.932, 95% CI: 1.878-8.233%), and body mass index of < 18.5 kg/m2 (AOR: 5.849; 95% CI: 1.824-18.752%) were among variables, which showed significant association with anemia.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of anemia in antiretroviral therapy-experienced patients was higher as compared to naïve individuals. This study determined that anemia remains a major health threat to HIV/AIDS patients.
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