RESEARCH PAPER
Anemia and associated factors among
HIV/AIDS patients treated with antiretroviral therapy at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia
1
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Teferi, Ethiopia
Submission date: 2022-05-01
Final revision date: 2022-07-04
Acceptance date: 2022-07-04
Online publication date: 2024-09-20
Corresponding author
Tadesse Adula Duguma
Medical Laboratory Science, Mizan-Tepi University, 260, Mizan-Teferi, Ethiopia, e-mail: tadesse.dhuguma@gmail.com
Medical Laboratory Science, Mizan-Tepi University, 260, Mizan-Teferi, Ethiopia, e-mail: tadesse.dhuguma@gmail.com
HIV & AIDS Review 2024;23(3):209-216
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and treatments given to HIV patients to reduce complications and fast disease progression, cause a series of hematological abnormalities. Anemia is among hematologic manifestations commonly observed in HIV-positive persons on treatments, initiated by multiple factors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital from June to September 2021.
Material and methods:
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2021 among HIV-positive patients on treatment at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital. Participants were selected with a convenient sampling technique, and pre-tested structured questionnaires were used for gathering important both socio-demographic and clinical data. Blood samples were collected for hemoglobin determination and CD4+ cell count. Data were entered using Epi-data manager and analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences.
Results:
A total of 159 HIV/AIDS patients were included in the study. The overall prevalence of anemia was observed in 51 (32.1%) patients, out of which 20 (12.6% %) were males and 31 (19.5%) were females. Moreover, female subjects (AOR = 7.379; 95% CI: 2.369-22.985%), patients on HAART for ≤ 6 months (AOR = 6.065; 95% CI: 2.425-15.170%), and those with body mass index of < 18.5 kg/m2 (AOR = 5.283; 95% CI: 1.312-21.267%) were factors showing statistically significant association with anemia.
Conclusions:
A high prevalence of anemia was observed among patients on antiretroviral treatment. Routine screening and strict follow-up of patients on treatment are needed.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and treatments given to HIV patients to reduce complications and fast disease progression, cause a series of hematological abnormalities. Anemia is among hematologic manifestations commonly observed in HIV-positive persons on treatments, initiated by multiple factors. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and associated factors among patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital from June to September 2021.
Material and methods:
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2021 among HIV-positive patients on treatment at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital. Participants were selected with a convenient sampling technique, and pre-tested structured questionnaires were used for gathering important both socio-demographic and clinical data. Blood samples were collected for hemoglobin determination and CD4+ cell count. Data were entered using Epi-data manager and analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences.
Results:
A total of 159 HIV/AIDS patients were included in the study. The overall prevalence of anemia was observed in 51 (32.1%) patients, out of which 20 (12.6% %) were males and 31 (19.5%) were females. Moreover, female subjects (AOR = 7.379; 95% CI: 2.369-22.985%), patients on HAART for ≤ 6 months (AOR = 6.065; 95% CI: 2.425-15.170%), and those with body mass index of < 18.5 kg/m2 (AOR = 5.283; 95% CI: 1.312-21.267%) were factors showing statistically significant association with anemia.
Conclusions:
A high prevalence of anemia was observed among patients on antiretroviral treatment. Routine screening and strict follow-up of patients on treatment are needed.
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