Introduction:
Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are corelated infectious diseases and their worldwide spread became a global health problem. Moreover, HIV patients with TB are able to develop multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensive drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), which make treatments more challenging and affect survival rate. This study aimed to observe survival rate of HIV-positive patients with MDR-TB.

Material and methods:
This retrospective, analytical study was conducted in Sanglah Public Hospital from February till April 2018. Data was obtained using total sampling; 98 samples were collected from medical records, including 19 HIV-infected and 77 non-HIV patients, who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Analysis was performed with univariate and bivariate survival analysis. Primary outcome was survival.

Results:
Median age was 40 (range, 12-65) years; in HIV group, it was 38 (range, 23-65) years and 40 (range, 12-63) years in non-HIV group. Gender ratio between male and female was nearly 1 : 1; association between HIV status with outcome was significant, but statistical (p < 0.0001) and cofounding variables were not. Mean of survival in HIV group was significantly shorter than in non-HIV group (2.6 ± 0.5 years vs. 5.1 ± 0.2 years), and 5-year survival rate was 52.1% vs. 81.9%, respectively. Mantel Cox was applied to compare log-rank test, with significant association between HIV status and survival (p = 0.001). Survival rate hazard ratio for MDR-TB in HIV group was 4.17 (range, 1.67-10.4).

Conclusions:
Decreasing outcome and survival rate among are considered factors associated with MDR-TB in HIV-positive patients than in non-HIV-infected individuals.