RESEARCH PAPER
Prevalence and factors associated with xerostomia in patients hospitalized due AIDS-related complications
1
Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, Brazil
Submission date: 2022-01-17
Final revision date: 2022-06-23
Acceptance date: 2022-07-01
Online publication date: 2024-10-30
Corresponding author
Antonio A. S. D. Lima
Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, Rua Prefeito Lothário Meissner 632 campus jardim botânico 80210-170 Curitiba/PR, Brazil, e-mail: antollima@hotmail.com
Universidade Federal do Paraná – UFPR, Rua Prefeito Lothário Meissner 632 campus jardim botânico 80210-170 Curitiba/PR, Brazil, e-mail: antollima@hotmail.com
HIV & AIDS Review 2024;23(4):290-296
KEYWORDS
xerostomiaacquired immunodeficiency syndromesalivasalivationdrug-related side effectsadverse reactions
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Xerostomia is a subjective sensation of dry mouth due to lack of saliva. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with the presence of hypo-salivation and xerostomia complaint in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complications.
Material and methods:
One hundred and two adult subjects were divided into two groups (51 HIV-infected patients and 51 controls). Initially, subjects underwent oral examination and anamnesis. Afterwards, stimulated salivary flow and a questionnaire to evaluate the prevalence and intensity of xerostomia symptoms were utilized.
Results:
The mean salivary flow was significantly lower in HIV-positive individuals compared with controls. Twenty-five (49%) patients with HIV infection experienced low salivary flow. The complaint of xerostomia was reported by 30 (59%) patients and 9 (18%) controls. The sensation of discomfort in the mouth, and difficulty in talking and eating had greater records of moderate to severe intensity in the case group. Of the total sample, 76% of individuals used antiretroviral therapy and other drugs capable of inducing hypo-salivation and, consequently, xerostomia.
Conclusions:
Based on the results, it can be concluded that the prevalence of xerostomia among hospitalized patients due to AIDS complications is high. This fact may be associated with low salivary flow and the use of various drugs, including antiretroviral drugs.
Xerostomia is a subjective sensation of dry mouth due to lack of saliva. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with the presence of hypo-salivation and xerostomia complaint in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complications.
Material and methods:
One hundred and two adult subjects were divided into two groups (51 HIV-infected patients and 51 controls). Initially, subjects underwent oral examination and anamnesis. Afterwards, stimulated salivary flow and a questionnaire to evaluate the prevalence and intensity of xerostomia symptoms were utilized.
Results:
The mean salivary flow was significantly lower in HIV-positive individuals compared with controls. Twenty-five (49%) patients with HIV infection experienced low salivary flow. The complaint of xerostomia was reported by 30 (59%) patients and 9 (18%) controls. The sensation of discomfort in the mouth, and difficulty in talking and eating had greater records of moderate to severe intensity in the case group. Of the total sample, 76% of individuals used antiretroviral therapy and other drugs capable of inducing hypo-salivation and, consequently, xerostomia.
Conclusions:
Based on the results, it can be concluded that the prevalence of xerostomia among hospitalized patients due to AIDS complications is high. This fact may be associated with low salivary flow and the use of various drugs, including antiretroviral drugs.
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