RESEARCH PAPER
Cardiovascular risk factors, global cardiovascular risk, and vascular age in a cohort of Peruvian HIV patients
1
Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Unit (URSIGET), San Ignacio de Loyola University, Lima, Peru
2
Internal Medicine and Cardiology Service, Clinica Delgado, Peru
3
Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Internal Medicine, Almenara General Hospital, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
4
Department, School, and Faculty of Medicine, Federico Villareal National University, Lima, Peru
5
Health Outcomes, Policy and Evidence Synthesis (HOPES) Group, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, USA
Submission date: 2023-03-27
Final revision date: 2023-08-27
Acceptance date: 2023-08-28
Online publication date: 2024-11-24
Corresponding author
German Valenzuela-Rodriguez
Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Unit, San Ignacio de Loyola University, Av. La Fontana 550 La Molina, 15024 Lima, Peru, e-mail: german.v.valenzuela@gmail.com
Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Unit, San Ignacio de Loyola University, Av. La Fontana 550 La Molina, 15024 Lima, Peru, e-mail: german.v.valenzuela@gmail.com
HIV & AIDS Review 2024;23(4):308-313
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Data on cardiovascular risk and vascular age in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from developing countries are scarce. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, global cardiovascular risk, and vascular age in a Peruvian cohort of patients with HIV.
Material and methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV outpatients between August and December 2018. Global cardiovascular risk was calculated using Framingham risk score and ACC/AHA ASCVD score, and vascular age was evaluated using Framingham adaptation.
Results:
In total, 310 patients were included. The mean age was 47.4 ± 12.8 years, 79.7% were males, and vascular age was 51.2 ± 17.2 years. The most frequent cardiovascular risk factors were dyslipidemia (69%), hypertension (28.7%), and obesity (18.4%). The median Framingham risk score was 6.15 (range, 3-13) points, and was distributed into low- (67.7%), intermediate- (17.5%), and high- (14.8%) risk. The median ASCVD score was 4.85 (range, 2.4-8) points, and was divided into low- (76.2%), moderate- (13.5%), and high- (10.3%) risk. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was higher in the sub-population aged older than 50 years.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was high in our cohort of Peruvian patients with HIV. Consequently, overall cardiovascular risk was elevated in > 10% of cases. Vascular age was higher than chronological age.
Data on cardiovascular risk and vascular age in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from developing countries are scarce. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, global cardiovascular risk, and vascular age in a Peruvian cohort of patients with HIV.
Material and methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV outpatients between August and December 2018. Global cardiovascular risk was calculated using Framingham risk score and ACC/AHA ASCVD score, and vascular age was evaluated using Framingham adaptation.
Results:
In total, 310 patients were included. The mean age was 47.4 ± 12.8 years, 79.7% were males, and vascular age was 51.2 ± 17.2 years. The most frequent cardiovascular risk factors were dyslipidemia (69%), hypertension (28.7%), and obesity (18.4%). The median Framingham risk score was 6.15 (range, 3-13) points, and was distributed into low- (67.7%), intermediate- (17.5%), and high- (14.8%) risk. The median ASCVD score was 4.85 (range, 2.4-8) points, and was divided into low- (76.2%), moderate- (13.5%), and high- (10.3%) risk. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was higher in the sub-population aged older than 50 years.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was high in our cohort of Peruvian patients with HIV. Consequently, overall cardiovascular risk was elevated in > 10% of cases. Vascular age was higher than chronological age.
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