RESEARCH PAPER
Pattern and risk factors for suicidal behaviors of people accessing HIV care in Ogun State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey
 
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1
Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Basic Clinical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan, Nigeria
 
2
School of Clinical Sciences, Benjamin Carson College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Nigeria
 
3
Department of Community Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences Babcock University
 
 
Submission date: 2023-05-18
 
 
Final revision date: 2023-08-25
 
 
Acceptance date: 2023-08-28
 
 
Online publication date: 2024-05-20
 
 
Corresponding author
Olumide Abiodun   

Department of Community Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences Babcock University
 
 
HIV & AIDS Review 2024;23(2):141-151
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
People living with HIV are at increased risk of suicidal behaviors. It is critical to assess risk factors in resource-poor settings. Our study aimed to quantitatively assess the prevalence, pattern, and risk factors for suicidal behaviors among HIV-positive adults.

Material and methods:
Facility-based cross-sectional study among 412 HIV-positive adults over nine months was conducted. Data on participants’ characteristics, prevalence and pattern of suicidal idea­tion, plan and attempt, and risk factors for suicidal behaviors using structured interviews with closed-ended questionnaires were obtained. Crude and specific prevalence, 95% confidence intervals of suicidal behaviors, and risk factors were computed. Subsequently, we conducted bivariate analyses and binary logistic analysis to assess relevant associations, with statistical significance at 5%.

Results:
About two out of every three (68.4%) participants were women. The crude prevalence of suicide behaviors was 7.3%, 6.1%, and 5.8% for suicide ideation, suicide planning, and suicide attempt, respectively. Several risk factors for suicide behaviors were common, such as perception of suicide as a crime (59.7%), lack of access to healthcare (44.7%), social isolation (34.7%), anxiety (32.8%), psychological distress (32.3%), separation or divorce (29.4%), widowhood (23.3%), intimate partner violence (15.5%), and co-existing major medical conditions (14.8). Suicidal behaviors were associated (p < 0.05) with an­xiety, alcohol consumption, co-existing major medical conditions, rape, and lack of access to healthcare.

Conclusions:
Suicidal behaviors and their risk factors are common among people living with HIV. It is critical to prioritize screening for suicide behaviors and their risk factors in HIV care.

 
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