RESEARCH PAPER
Attitude, perception, and psychological consequences of obesity among HIV-positive adults: a facility-based cross-sectional survey in a high-prevalence district in Nigeria
1
Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Clinical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
2
Department of Community Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
3
Benjamin Carson Senior College of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Submission date: 2023-05-31
Final revision date: 2024-04-03
Acceptance date: 2024-04-04
Online publication date: 2026-01-09
Corresponding author
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Recently, there has been a rise in the prevalence of obesity among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Obesity remains a risk factor for other comorbid conditions. This study aimed to determine the attitude, perception, and psychological consequences of obesity in HIV-positive adults.
Material and methods:
A cross-sectional study among 412 HIV-positive adults was conducted using an interview-administered questionnaire with validated scales to obtain data on attitude, perception, and psychological consequences of obesity. IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 was applied for data analysis. Respondents’ characteristics were assessed by their anthropometric obesity status using proportions, mean, and standard deviation. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of psychological consequences of obesity were computed. Relationships between obesity and attitude, perception, and psychological consequences of obesity were assessed using bivariate analysis and logistic regression.
Results:
More than two-thirds (68.4%) of the respondents were females. The participants’ mean age was 47.4 (10.3) years. 80.6% (95% CI: 76.4-84.3) of the patients had a positive attitude and good perception (52.2%; 95% CI: 47.2-57.1) of obesity. At a 5% level of significance, obesity was associated with impaired quality of life (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.04-2.83) and cognitive restraint (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.01-2.66).
Conclusions:
The prevalence of obesity and its psychological consequences among people living with HIV in Nigeria is significantly high, while the attitudes and perceptions of obese people are sub-optimal, creating a need for health education and interventions.
Recently, there has been a rise in the prevalence of obesity among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Obesity remains a risk factor for other comorbid conditions. This study aimed to determine the attitude, perception, and psychological consequences of obesity in HIV-positive adults.
Material and methods:
A cross-sectional study among 412 HIV-positive adults was conducted using an interview-administered questionnaire with validated scales to obtain data on attitude, perception, and psychological consequences of obesity. IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 was applied for data analysis. Respondents’ characteristics were assessed by their anthropometric obesity status using proportions, mean, and standard deviation. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of psychological consequences of obesity were computed. Relationships between obesity and attitude, perception, and psychological consequences of obesity were assessed using bivariate analysis and logistic regression.
Results:
More than two-thirds (68.4%) of the respondents were females. The participants’ mean age was 47.4 (10.3) years. 80.6% (95% CI: 76.4-84.3) of the patients had a positive attitude and good perception (52.2%; 95% CI: 47.2-57.1) of obesity. At a 5% level of significance, obesity was associated with impaired quality of life (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.04-2.83) and cognitive restraint (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.01-2.66).
Conclusions:
The prevalence of obesity and its psychological consequences among people living with HIV in Nigeria is significantly high, while the attitudes and perceptions of obese people are sub-optimal, creating a need for health education and interventions.
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